Environmental Change In Siberia (Advances In Global Change)

The Siberian environment is a unique region of the world that is both very strongly affected by global climate change and at the same time particularly vulnerable to its consequences. The news about the melting of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean and the prospect of an ice-free shipping passage from Scandinavia to Alaska along the Russian north coast has sparked an international debate about natural resource exploitation, national boundaries and the impacts of the rapid changes on people, animals and plants. Over the last decades Siberia has also witnessed severe forest fires to an extent that is hard to imagine in other parts of the world where the po- lation density is higher, the fire-prone ecosystems cover much smaller areas and the systems of fire control are better resourced. The acceleration of the fire regime poses the question of the future of the boreal forest in the taiga region. Vegetation models have already predicted a shift of vegetation zones to the north under s- narios of global climate change. The implications of a large-scale expansion of the grassland steppe ecosystems in the south of Siberia and a retreat of the taiga forest into the tundra systems that expand towards the Arctic Ocean would be very signi- cant for the local population and the economy. I have studied Russian forests from remote sensing and modelling for about 11 years now and still find it a fascinating subject to investigate. Contents: BIOSPHERE.- Forest Disturbance Assessment Using Satellite Data of Moderate and Low Resolution.- Fire/Climate Interactions in Siberia.- Long-Term Dynamics of Mixed Fir-Aspen Forests in West Sayan (Altai-Sayan Ecoregion).- Evidence of Evergreen Conifers Invasion into Larch Dominated Forests During Recent Decades.- Potential Climate-Induced Vegetation Change in Siberia in the Twenty-First Century.- Wildfire Dynamics in Mid-Siberian Larch Dominated Forests.- Dendroclimatological Evidence of Climate Changes Across Siberia.- Siberian Pine and Larch Response to Climate Warming in the Southern Siberian Mountain Forest: Tundra Ecotone.- HYDROSPHERE.- Remote Sensing of Spring Snowmelt in Siberia.- Response of River Runoff in the Cryolithic Zone of Eastern Siberia (Lena River Basin) to Future Climate Warming.- ATMOSPHERE.- Investigating Regional Scale Processes Using Remotely Sensed Atmospheric CO2 Column Concentrations from SCIAMACHY.- Climatic and Geographic Patterns of Spatial Distribution of Precipitation in Siberia.- INFORMATION SYSTEMS.- Interoperability, Data Discovery and Access: The e-Infrastructures for Earth Sciences Resources.- Development of a Web-Based Information-Computational Infrastructure for the Siberia Integrated Regional Study.- Conclusions. Author Biography: Professor Balzter Heiko Balzter is Professor in Physical Geography and Head of the Geography Department at the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom. His research interests include biosphere / climate interactions and their responses to environmental change, with a focus on remote sensing and modelling approaches. From 1998 to 2006 he worked at the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology at Monks Wood, UK, where he was leading the Section for Earth Observation for three years. Professor Balzter has contributed to many major international and interdisciplinary research projects (supported by the European Commission, European Space Agency and British funding sources), including SIBERIA, SIBERIA-2, SIBFORD, GEOLAND and GEOLAND2. His academic background is in Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, and he received his Dipl.-Ing. agr. degree in 1994 with a dissertation topic on methods for vegetation sampling, and his Dr. agr. in 1998 from Justus-Liebig-University in Giessen, Germany, for a thesis on vegetation modelling using Markov Chains and Cellular Automata.